Sir Airffic GoKubukeka kuyindaba yobuchwepheshe, kodwa empeleni imayelana nemali: umuntu oyedwa angaphatha amadrone amangaki?
Amazinga okuzimela: unikeza umshini okungakanani
| Izinga | Umshini wenza | Umuntu wenza | Izindiza ngomuntu ngamunye (isilinganiso) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Ngesandla | Uzinzisa ukuma kwendiza kuphela | Cishe konke ukushayela | 1 |
| 2 Okuzenzakalelayo | Ulandela umzila osethiwe | Uyabheka futhi unqume | 1 |
| 3 Ukugwema izithiyo | Ugwema izinto eziseduze | Izinqumo zomsebenzi, ukuqapha | 1 kuya kwezimbalwa |
| 4 Ukuzimela | Uhlela kabusha futhi uqedele umsebenzi | Ubhekana nokuhlukile kuphela | Ezimbalwa kuya kweziningi |
| 5 Umhlambi nesibhakabhaka | Amadrone ne-airspace OS kuyabambisana | Ubeka inqubomgomo yonke | Eziningi |
Izibalo ngomuntu ngamunye zichaza indlela okusebenza ngayo; aziyona imingcele yomthetho. Imingcele yangempela ivela emithethweni yezwe ngalinye nasezimvumweni zokusebenza.
Ukugwema izithiyo: isinyathelo sokuqala sokungaphahlazeki
Cishe ngo-2016, amadrone abathengi aqala ukubona izithiyo ngaphambili bese ema.
Kwabe sekuvela amadrone anamakhamera nxazonke agwema izithiyo ngokwawo ngenkathi elandela umuntu (Skydio nabanye). Ngisho nomuntu oqalayo wayengasakwazi ukuwaphahlaza kalula.
Ukugwema izithiyo manje kulindelekile kumadrone okuhweba. Umehluko usekutheni idrone libhekana kahle kangakanani nezimo ezinzima njengezintambo ezincane nokundiza ebusuku.
I-detect-and-avoid: ukungashayisi izindiza nezindiza ezinophephela
I-Detect and Avoid (DAA) kusho ukubona izindiza ezinabashayeli bese uphuma endleleni yazo. Ibalulekile ekundizeni ngale kokubona kwamehlo (BVLOS).
Kuthuthukiswe ama-radar amancane ne-AI esebenzisa ikhamera ebona izindiza ezikude ukuze kuqashwe isibhakabhaka esikhundleni somuntu.
Abalawuli bathatha ukusebenza kwe-DAA njengomunye wemibandela yokuvumela i-BVLOS. I-DAA ingubuchwepheshe futhi ingukhiye womthetho.
Ukundiza ngemihlambi: imihlambi nezokuvikela
Umhlambi (swarm) ngamadrone amaningi amancane axhumana futhi ahambe njengeqembu elilodwa.
Ngo-2022 ithimba leNyuvesi yaseZhejiang lashicilela ucwaningo ngemihlambi yamadrone amancane andiza ngokuzimela ehlathini.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, impi yase-Ukraine yakhuphula kakhulu utshalomali kumadrone andiza ingxenye yokugcina ngokwawo naphezu kokuphazamiswa, nasekwenzeni abantu abambalwa baphathe izindiza eziningi. Isidingo sezokuvikela sisheshisa nokuzimela kwezempucuko.
Sir Airffic GoEzokuvikela azinakushaywa indiva. Kodwa le sayithi ichaza izindlela nezimakethe; ayifundisi ukwakha izikhali.
Ukuzimela nomthetho kuhamba ndawonye
Noma idrone lihlakaniphe kangakanani, alinakundiza ngokwebhizinisi uma izwe lingakuvumeli. I-Japan yakha i-Level 4 (BVLOS phezu kwabantu) ngo-2022.
E-US, isiphakamiso se-Part 108 sokuvumela i-BVLOS ngaphansi kwemithetho ejwayelekile sashicilelwa ngo-2025. I-Europe yakha i-U-space yokuphatha isibhakabhaka.
Ukuvuleka ngakunye komthetho kukhuphula inani lokuzimela. Izinkampani ezinamandla zitshala engxoxweni nabalawuli njengoba zitshala kubuchwepheshe.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Kuyini ukundiza kwe-BVLOS?
I-Beyond visual line of sight: ukundizisa idrone kude kunalapho umshayeli angalibona khona. Kuyadingeka ekulethweni kwempahla nasekuhloleni izindawo ezinkulu, futhi kudinga izimvume ezikhethekile noma imithetho emazweni amaningi.
Iyini i-detect-and-avoid (DAA)?
Ubuchwepheshe obubona ezinye izindiza bugweme ukushayisana. Busebenzisa ama-radar amancane noma i-AI yekhamera futhi bungumbandela obalulekile wemvume ye-BVLOS.