Sir Airffic GoʻOku hangē ha talanoa tekinolosia, ka ko e moʻoni ko e paʻanga: ko e drone ʻe fiha ʻe lava ʻe ha tangata ʻe toko taha ʻo fakalele?
Tuʻunga ʻo e puna pē ʻe ia: ko e hā ʻe tuku ki he mīsini
| Tuʻunga | ʻOku fai ʻe he mīsini | ʻOku fai ʻe he tangata | Vakapuna ki he tangata ʻe toko taha (fakafuofua) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Fakanima | Fakatuʻumaʻu pē ʻa e tuʻunga | Meimei ko e fakaʻuli kotoa | 1 |
| 2 Fakaʻotometiki | Muimui ki ha hala kuo fokotuʻu | Leʻohi mo fili | 1 |
| 3 Fakaʻehiʻehi meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa | Fakaʻehiʻehi mei he meʻa ofi | Fili ʻo e ngāue, leʻohi | 1 ki ha niʻihi |
| 4 Puna pē ʻe ia | Toe palani pea fakakakato ʻa e ngāue | Ko e ngaahi meʻa makehe pē | Niʻihi ki he lahi |
| 5 Fuifui mo e langí | Fengāueʻaki ʻa e drone mo e OS ʻo e langí | Fokotuʻu ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni lahi | Lahi |
Ko e ngaahi fika ki he tangata ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ai ʻa e founga ngāue; ʻoku ʻikai ko ha ngataʻanga fakalao. Ko e ngataʻanga moʻoni ʻoku haʻu mei he lao ʻa e fonua takitaha mo e ngaahi ngofua ngāue.
Fakaʻehiʻehi meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa: ko e ʻuluaki sitepu ke ʻoua ʻe tō
ʻI he 2016 nai, naʻe kamata ke ʻilo ʻe he ngaahi drone fakafoʻituitui ʻa e meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa ʻi muʻa pea tuʻu.
Naʻe hā mai leva ʻa e ngaahi drone mo e kāmela takatakai kotoa ʻoku nau fakaʻehiʻehi pē mei he meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa lolotonga ʻenau muimui ki ha tangata (Skydio mo e niʻihi kehe). Naʻe ʻikai toe faingofua ki ha taha kamata ke ne fakatō kinautolu.
ʻOku ʻamanaki he taimí ni ke ʻi ai ʻa e fakaʻehiʻehi meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa ʻi he drone fakapisinisi. Ko e kehekehe ʻoku ʻi he lelei ʻo e fekuki ʻa e drone mo e ngaahi meʻa faingataʻa hangē ko e uaea manifi mo e puna ʻi he pō.
Fakaʻilo-mo-fakaʻehiʻehi: ʻoua ʻe tau ki he vakapuna mo e helikopa
Ko e Detect and Avoid (DAA) ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ki hono ʻilo ʻo e vakapuna ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e kauvaka pea hiki mei honau hala. ʻOku fiemaʻu ia ki he puna ʻi tuʻa ʻi he sio ʻa e mata (BVLOS).
Kuo ngaohi ʻa e ngaahi kiʻi radar mo e AI makatuʻunga ʻi he kāmela ʻoku ne ʻilo ʻa e vakapuna mamaʻo, ke leʻohi ʻa e langí ʻi he fetongi ʻo ha tangata.
ʻOku lau ʻe he kau puleʻi lao ʻa e lelei ʻo e DAA ko ha tuʻunga ʻe taha ke fakangofua ai ʻa e BVLOS. Ko e DAA ko ha kī fakatekinolosia mo fakalao fakatouʻosi.
Puna fakafuifui: fuifui drone mo e maluʻi fakafonua
Ko e fuifui (swarm) ko ha ngaahi kiʻi drone lahi ʻoku nau fetuʻutaki pea ngaue fakataha ko ha kulupu ʻe taha.
ʻI he 2022, naʻe pulusi ʻe ha timi mei he ʻUnivēsiti Zhejiang ha fakatotolo ki he fuifui kiʻi drone ʻoku nau puna pē ʻiate kinautolu ʻi loto ʻi ha vao.
ʻI he taimi tatau pē, naʻe fakalahi lahi ʻe he tau ʻi ʻIukuleini ʻa e paʻanga ki he drone ʻoku nau puna pē ʻiate kinautolu ʻi he konga fakaʻosi neongo ʻa e jamming, mo e tuku ke fakalele ʻe ha kakai siʻi ha vakapuna lahi. ʻOku toe fakavaveʻi foki ʻe he fiemaʻu fakakautau ʻa e puna pē ʻe ia ʻi he moʻui fakasivile.
Sir Airffic GoʻE ʻikai lava ke taʻetokangaʻi ʻa e maluʻi fakafonua. Ka ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he uepisaiti ni ʻa e founga ngāue mo e maketi; ʻoku ʻikai ke ne akoʻi ʻa e founga ngaohi meʻatau.
ʻOku ʻalu fakataha ʻa e puna pē ʻe ia mo e lao
Neongo pe ko e hā hono poto ʻo ha drone, ʻe ʻikai lava ke puna fakapisinisi kae ʻoua kuo fakangofua ʻe he puleʻanga. Naʻe fokotuʻu ʻe Siapani ʻa e Level 4 (BVLOS ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he kakai) ʻi he 2022.
ʻI ʻAmelika, naʻe pulusi ʻi he 2025 ʻa e fokotuʻu Part 108 ke fakangofua ʻa e BVLOS ʻi he lao angamaheni. ʻOku langa ʻe ʻIulope ʻa e U-space ki hono puleʻi ʻo e langí.
ʻOku hiki ʻe he matapā fakalao foʻou kotoa pē ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e puna pē ʻe ia. ʻOku ʻinivesi ʻa e ngaahi kautaha mālohi ʻi he talanoa mo e kau puleʻi lao ʻo tatau mo ʻenau ʻinivesi ʻi he tekinolosia.
Ngaahi fehuʻi ʻoku faʻa ʻeke
Ko e hā ʻa e puna BVLOS?
Beyond visual line of sight: fakapuna ha drone ʻo mamaʻo ange ʻi he lava ke sio ki ai ʻa e tokotaha fakalele. ʻOku fiemaʻu ia ki he ʻave koloa mo e siviʻi ʻo ha feituʻu lahi pea ʻoku fiemaʻu ki ai ha ngofua pe lao makehe ʻi he lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi fonua.
Ko e hā ʻa e fakaʻilo-mo-fakaʻehiʻehi (DAA)?
Ko ha tekinolosia ʻoku ne ʻilo ʻa e ngaahi vakapuna kehe pea fakaʻehiʻehi mei he fetauʻaki. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ai ʻa e kiʻi radar pe AI makatuʻunga ʻi he kāmela pea ko ha tuʻunga mahuʻinga ia ki he ngofua BVLOS.