Sir Airffic GoKa ke ʻilo ʻa e ngaahi sensor, te ke lava ʻo sio leva pe ko e hā ʻoku tukupā ki ai ʻa e kautaha takitaha.
Ngaahi faʻahinga mata mo e ongo ʻe ono
ʻOku tauhi ʻe he kāmela ʻa e maama ʻo hangē ko e mata ʻo e tangata. ʻOku maʻamaʻa, maʻamaʻa hono mamafa pea ʻoku sio ki he lanu mo e tohi, ko ia ʻoku ngāueʻaki lahi taha.
ʻOku fana ʻe he LiDAR ʻa e ngaahi maama leisa pea fua ʻa e taimi ʻoku foki mai ai ke fua totonu ʻa e mamaʻo. ʻOku ngāue ʻi he poʻuli, ka ko e mamafa mo e totongi ko e ongo pole ia.
ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he radar ʻa e ngalu lētiō. ʻOku ne ʻilo ʻa e ngaahi meʻa mamaʻo ʻi he ʻuha, kakapu mo e poʻuli, ko ia ʻoku taki ia ʻi hono fakaʻehiʻehi mei he fetauʻaki mo hono ʻilo ʻo e ngaahi drone.
ʻOku sio ʻa e kāmela vela ki he kehekehe ʻo e māfana — lelei ʻaupito ki he kumi ʻi he poʻuli mo e ʻilo ʻo e ngaahi feituʻu vela ʻi he ʻato mo e laine ʻuhila.
Ko e IMU (ʻoku fua ʻa e vave mo e takai) mo e GNSS (fakaʻilo feituʻu ʻaki ʻa e satelaite hangē ko e GPS) ko e ongo ʻi loto ia ʻo e drone. ʻI he fakataha pē mo e ngaahi sensor ʻoku sio ki tuʻa ʻe lava ai ke puna totonu.
| Sensor | Mālohinga | Vaivaiʻanga | Ngāueʻanga tefito |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kāmela (maama hā) | Maʻamaʻa, siʻi mamafa, fakaikiiki | Poʻuli, kakapu, ngingila | ʻIloʻi, SLAM, siviʻi |
| Kāmela sitelio / loloto | Mamaʻo ʻi he vahaʻa ofi | ʻIkai totonu ʻi he mamaʻo | Fakaʻehiʻehi meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa |
| LiDAR | Fua totonu, ngāue ʻi he poʻuli | Mamafa, totongi lahi, vaivai ʻi he ʻuha | Savea, ʻilo uaea manifi |
| mmWave radar | ʻUha, kakapu, pō, mamaʻo | Sīpinga iiki | Fakaʻilo-mo-fakaʻehiʻehi, ʻilo drone |
| Kāmela vela | Sio ki he vela, mālohi ʻi he pō | Siʻi ange hono mahino | Kumi mo fakahaofi, siviʻi koloa |
| IMU + GNSS | Ngaue mo e feituʻu ʻo ia tonu | ʻIkai ngāue ʻa e GNSS ʻi loto fale pe ʻi he jamming | Puleʻi ʻo e tuʻunga, fakahinohino hala |
Ko e hā ʻoku fakapapauʻi ai ʻe he fakatahaʻi ʻo e sensor ʻa e ikuna
ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e vaivaiʻanga ʻo e sensor kotoa pē. Falala ki ha taha pē, pea ʻe kui ʻa e drone ʻi he momeniti ʻoku hā mai ai ʻa e vaivaiʻanga ko ia.
Ko ia ʻoku ʻilo ʻe he kāmela pe ko e hā ha meʻa, fakapapauʻi ʻe he radar hono mamaʻo, pea fakakakato ʻe he IMU ʻa e founga naʻe ngaue ai ʻa e drone. Ko e sensor fusion ʻeni.
Ko e ngaahi kautaha ʻoku poto ʻi he fusion ʻoku nau ngaohi ʻa e vakapuna ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻa ʻene ngāue ʻi he liliu ʻa e ʻea mo e feituʻu. Ko e ʻikai taʻofi ko e meʻa ia ʻoku mahuʻinga taha ʻi ha drone fakapisinisi.
Ko e langi taʻe-GNSS naʻe hiki ai ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e sensor
ʻOku ʻikai aʻu ʻa e siakale GNSS ki lalo ʻi he halafakakavakava, ʻi he ngaahi ʻana pe ʻi loto ʻi he ngaahi fale tauhiʻanga koloa. ʻI he malaʻe tau, naʻe hoko ʻa e fakahohaʻasi fakataumuʻa (jamming) ko ha meʻa angamaheni.
Naʻe tupu lahi ʻa e fiemaʻu ke puna ʻaki pē ʻa e kāmela mo e IMU (fakahinohino ʻaki ʻa e sio) hili ʻa e 2022.
ʻOku ʻikai ko e meʻa fakakautau pē. ʻOku tokoni ʻa e tekinolosia tatau ki he siviʻi ʻi loto fale mo e ʻave koloa ʻi he kolo.
Sir Airffic GoʻE lava ke puna ʻo kapau ʻe mate ʻa e lētiō? Ko e sivi lelei taha ia ke ʻilo ai pe ʻoku moʻoni ʻa e puna pē ʻe ia.
Ko e hā ʻoku hoko ʻi he maketi sensor
Ko e ngaahi konga kāmela kuo ngaohi lahi maʻá e telefoni poto naʻe fakamaʻamaʻa lahi ai ʻa e mata ʻo e drone.
ʻOku fakasiʻisiʻi mo fakamaʻamaʻa ʻa e radar mo e LiDAR koeʻuhí ko e lahi ʻo e ngaohi maʻá e meʻalele, ko ia ʻoku nau feʻunga he taimí ni ki he drone.
Ko ia, ʻoku tupulaki ʻa e ngaahi sensor lahi ko ha ola ʻo e ngaahi maketi lalahi ʻoku ʻikai ko e drone. Kuo pau ke fakaʻilongaʻi ʻe he kau mataotao drone kinautolu ʻi he founga ʻoku nau fakatahaʻi ai ʻa e sensor mo e polokalama, ʻikai ʻi he ngaahi konga.
Ngaahi fehuʻi ʻoku faʻa ʻeke
Ko e fē ngaahi sensor ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he drone ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei he meʻa fakataʻotaʻofa?
Kāmela sitelio pe kāmela loloto ʻi he vahaʻa ofi, radar ʻi he mamaʻo mo e ʻea kovi, pea mo e LiDAR ki he ngaahi meʻa manifi hangē ko e uaea. ʻOku fakatahaʻi ʻe he lahi taha ʻo e vakapuna ha niʻihi.
Ko e hā ʻa e kehekehe ʻo e LiDAR mo e radar?
ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he LiDAR ʻa e maama leisa ke fua totonu ʻa e mamaʻo pea faʻu ha sīpinga 3D fakaikiiki. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he radar ʻa e ngalu lētiō; ʻoku siʻi ange hono fakaikiiki ka ʻoku ne ʻilo ʻa e meʻa mamaʻo ʻi he ʻuha, kakapu mo e poʻuli.