Sir Airffic GoNumara kumenya sensor, uzahita ubona icyo buri kigo gishyiramo imbaraga.
Ubwoko butandatu bw'amaso n'ibyumviro
Kamera zifata urumuri nk'amaso y'umuntu. Zirahendutse, zoroheje kandi zibona amabara n'inyandiko, ni yo mpamvu zikoreshwa cyane.
LiDAR yohereza utumuri twa laser ikabara igihe bimara bigaruka kugira ngo ipime intera neza. Ikora mu mwijima, ariko uburemere n'igiciro ni imbogamizi.
Radar ikoresha imirasire ya radiyo. Ibona ibintu biri kure mu mvura, mu gihu no mu mwijima, ni yo mpamvu iyoboye mu kwirinda kugongana no kubona drone.
Kamera z'ubushyuhe zibona itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe — ni nziza mu gushakisha abantu nijoro no kubona ahashyushye ku bisenge no ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi.
IMU (ipima uko umuvuduko wiyongera n'uko izunguruka) na GNSS (kumenya aho uri hifashishijwe icyogajuru, nka GPS) ni ibyumviro by'imbere bya drone. Iyo bihujwe na sensor zireba hanze ni bwo bitanga kuguruka neza.
| Sensor | Imbaraga | Intege nke | Imikoreshereze y'ingenzi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kamera (urumuri rugaragara) | Irahendutse, yoroheje, ibona utuntu twinshi | Umwijima, igihu, urumuri rwinshi | Kumenya ibintu, SLAM, igenzura |
| Kamera ya stereo / y'ubujyakuzimu | Intera iri hafi | Ntiba nyayo kure | Kwirinda inzitizi |
| LiDAR | Intera nyayo, ikora mu mwijima | Iraremereye, irahenda, igabanuka mu mvura | Gupima ubutaka, kubona insinga zoroshye |
| Radar ya mmWave | Imvura, igihu, ijoro, kure | Imiterere mito | Detect-and-avoid, kubona drone |
| Ubushyuhe (thermal) | Ibona ubushyuhe, ikomeye nijoro | Ishusho idasobanutse cyane | Gushakisha no gutabara, igenzura ry'ibikorwa remezo |
| IMU + GNSS | Ingendo n'aho drone iri | GNSS ntikora mu nzu cyangwa iyo ibangamiwe | Kugenzura uko indege ihagaze, kuyobora |
Impamvu guhuza sensor bigena umukino
Buri sensor igira intege nke. Niwishingikiriza kuri imwe gusa, drone iba impumyi igihe izo ntege nke zigaragaye.
Bityo kamera imenya icyo ikintu ari cyo, radar ikemeza intera kiri ho, naho IMU ikuzuza uko drone yagenze. Ibi ni byo bita sensor fusion.
Ibigo bizi guhuza sensor neza bikora indege zikomeza gukora n'iyo ikirere n'ahantu bihindutse. Kudahagarara ni cyo kintu gifite agaciro kurusha ibindi kuri drone y'ubucuruzi.
Ikirere kitagira GNSS cyongereye agaciro ka sensor
Ibimenyetso bya GNSS ntibigera munsi y'ibiraro, mu mihanda yo munsi y'ubutaka cyangwa mu bubiko. Ku rugamba, kubibangamira nkana byabaye ibisanzwe.
Gukenera kuguruka ukoresheje kamera na IMU gusa (kuyobora ukoresheje amashusho) byazamutse cyane nyuma ya 2022.
Ibi si iby'igisirikare gusa. Iryo koranabuhanga rimwe rifasha igenzura ryo mu nzu no kugeza ibintu mu mijyi.
Sir Airffic GoEse ishobora kuguruka iyo radiyo yanze? Icyo ni cyo kizamini cyiza cyerekana niba ubwigenge ari ubw'ukuri.
Ibiri kubera mu isoko rya sensor
Ibice bya kamera bikorwa ku bwinshi kubera telefoni zigezweho byatumye amaso ya drone ahenduka cyane.
Radar na LiDAR biragenda biba bito kandi bihenduka kubera imodoka nyinshi zibikoresha, bityo ubu bikwira kuri drone.
Bityo sensor nyinshi zitera imbere nk'ingaruka z'amasoko manini atari aya drone. Inzobere za drone zigomba kwitandukanya ku buryo zihuza sensor no kuri porogaramu, atari ku bice.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Ni izihe sensor drone zikoresha mu kwirinda inzitizi?
Kamera za stereo cyangwa z'ubujyakuzimu ku ntera ngufi, radar ku ntera ndende no mu kirere kibi, na LiDAR ku bintu byoroshye nk'insinga. Indege nyinshi zihuza nyinshi muri zo.
Itandukaniro hagati ya LiDAR na radar ni irihe?
LiDAR ikoresha urumuri rwa laser gupima intera neza no gukora imiterere ya 3D irambuye. Radar ikoresha imirasire ya radiyo; ntibona utuntu duto neza ariko ibona ibintu biri kure mu mvura, mu gihu no mu mwijima.