Sir Airffic GoBisa n'inkuru y'ikoranabuhanga, ariko mu by'ukuri ni iby'amafaranga: umuntu umwe ashobora gukoresha drone zingahe?
Inzego z'ubwigenge: ni angahe uha imashini
| Urwego | Imashini ikora | Umuntu akora | Indege ku muntu (ikigereranyo) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Intoki | Igumisha indege iringaniye gusa | Hafi ya byose mu kuyobora | 1 |
| 2 Byikora | Ikurikiza inzira yateganyijwe | Arareba kandi agafata ibyemezo | 1 |
| 3 Kwirinda inzitizi | Yirinda ibintu biri hafi | Ibyemezo by'akazi, kugenzura | 1 kugeza kuri nke |
| 4 Byigenga | Yongera gutegura kandi ikarangiza akazi | Akemura ibidasanzwe gusa | Nke kugeza ku nyinshi |
| 5 Swarm & ikirere | Drone na OS y'ikirere birahuzwa | Ashyiraho politiki rusange | Nyinshi |
Imibare ku muntu isobanura uko bikora; si imipaka y'amategeko. Imipaka nyayo ituruka ku mategeko y'igihugu no ku mpushya z'imikorere.
Kwirinda inzitizi: intambwe ya mbere yo kutagwa
Ahagana mu 2016, drone z'abaguzi basanzwe zatangiye kubona inzitizi ziri imbere zigahagarara.
Hanyuma haje drone zifite kamera impande zose zirinda inzitizi ubwazo mu gihe zikurikira umuntu (Skydio n'izindi). Ndetse n'utangiye ntiyari akibasha kuzigusha byoroshye.
Kwirinda inzitizi ubu ni ibisanzwe kuri drone z'ubucuruzi. Itandukaniro riri ku buryo drone ihangana n'ibihe bikomeye nk'insinga zoroshye no kuguruka nijoro.
Detect-and-avoid: kutagonga indege na kajugujugu
Detect and Avoid (DAA) bivuga kubona indege zitwawe n'abantu no kuzivira mu nzira. Ni ngombwa kugira ngo uguruke birenze aho amaso agera (BVLOS).
Radar ntoya na AI ikoresha kamera ibona indege ziri kure byakozwe kugira ngo bigenzure ikirere mu mwanya w'umuntu.
Inzego zigenzura zifata ubushobozi bwa DAA nk'imwe mu ngingo zo kwemerera BVLOS. DAA ni ikoranabuhanga kandi ni urufunguzo rw'amategeko.
Kuguruka mu matsinda: swarms n'igisirikare
Swarm ni drone nto nyinshi zivugana kandi zigenda nk'itsinda rimwe.
Mu 2022, itsinda ryo muri Kaminuza ya Zhejiang ryasohoye ubushakashatsi kuri swarms za drone nto ziguruka zonyine mu ishyamba.
Muri icyo gihe, intambara yo muri Ukraine yongereye cyane ishoramari muri drone ziguruka igice cya nyuma ubwazo n'ubwo zibangamiwe, no mu gutuma abantu bake bakoresha indege nyinshi. Ibikenewe n'igisirikare nabyo byihutisha ubwigenge bwa gisivili.
Sir Airffic GoIgisirikare ntigishobora kwirengagizwa. Ariko uru rubuga rusobanura uko ibintu bikora n'amasoko; ntirwigisha gukora intwaro.
Ubwigenge n'amategeko bigendana
N'iyo drone yaba ifite ubwenge bungana gute, ntishobora kuguruka mu bucuruzi igihugu kitabyemeye. Ubuyapani bwashyizeho Level 4 (BVLOS hejuru y'abantu) mu 2022.
Muri Amerika, umushinga wa Part 108 wo kwemerera BVLOS ku mategeko asanzwe washyizwe ahagaragara mu 2025. U Burayi burimo kubaka U-space yo gucunga ikirere.
Buri gufungurwa kw'amategeko kongera agaciro k'ubwigenge. Ibigo bikomeye bishora mu biganiro n'inzego zigenzura nk'uko bishora mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Kuguruka BVLOS ni iki?
Beyond visual line of sight: kuguruka drone kure kurusha aho uyiyobora ayibona. Birakenewe mu kugeza ibintu no mu igenzura ry'ahantu hanini, kandi mu bihugu byinshi bisaba impushya cyangwa amategeko yihariye.
Detect-and-avoid (DAA) ni iki?
Ni ikoranabuhanga ribona izindi ndege kandi rikirinda kugongana. Rikoresha radar ntoya cyangwa AI ikoresha kamera, kandi ni ingingo y'ingenzi yo kubona uruhushya rwa BVLOS.