Sir Airffic GoZikuoneka ngati nkhani ya ukadaulo, koma kwenikweni ndi ya ndalama: kodi munthu mmodzi angayendetse ma drone angati?
Milingo ya kuuluka payokha: zingati zoperekera makina
| Mlingo | Makina amachita | Munthu amachita | Ndege pa munthu (pafupifupi) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Pamanja | Amakhazikitsa ndege yokha | Pafupifupi kuyendetsa konse | 1 |
| 2 Yokonzedweratu | Imatsatira njira yokonzedwa | Amayang'ana ndi kusankha | 1 |
| 3 Kupewa zopinga | Imapewa zinthu zapafupi | Kusankha ntchito, kuyang'anira | 1 mpaka zochepa |
| 4 Payokha | Imakonzanso ndi kumaliza ntchito | Amathana ndi zachilendo zokha | Zochepa mpaka zambiri |
| 5 Magulu ndi mlengalenga | Ma drone ndi OS ya mlengalenga zimagwirizana | Amaika malamulo onse | Zambiri |
Manambala a pa munthu akufotokoza momwe zimagwirira ntchito; si malire a malamulo. Malire enieni amachokera ku malamulo a dziko lililonse ndi zilolezo za kayendetsedwe.
Kupewa zopinga: sitepe yoyamba yosagwa
Cha m'ma 2016, ma drone a anthu wamba adayamba kuzindikira zopinga kutsogolo ndi kuima.
Kenako panaonekera ma drone okhala ndi kamera mbali zonse amene amapewa zopinga okha uku akutsatira munthu (Skydio ndi ena). Ngakhale woyamba kumene sankathanso kuwagwetsa mosavuta.
Kupewa zopinga tsopano kumayembekezeka pa ma drone amalonda. Kusiyana kuli pa momwe drone imapiririra zovuta monga mawaya opyapyala ndi kuuluka usiku.
Detect-and-avoid: kusagunda ndege ndi ma helikopita
Detect and Avoid (DAA) amatanthauza kuona ndege zokhala ndi anthu ndi kuzipewa. Ndi kofunika kwambiri pouluka kupitirira maso a woyendetsa (BVLOS).
Ma radar ang'onoang'ono ndi AI ya kamera yopeza ndege zakutali zapangidwa kuti ziziyang'ana mlengalenga m'malo mwa munthu.
Oyang'anira malamulo amatenga kuchita bwino kwa DAA ngati chimodzi mwa zofunika kuti BVLOS ilolezedwe. DAA ndi ukadaulo komanso kiyi ya malamulo.
Kuuluka m'magulu: magulu a ma drone ndi chitetezo cha dziko
Gulu la ma drone (swarm) ndi ma drone ang'onoang'ono ambiri omwe amalankhulana ndi kuyenda ngati gulu limodzi.
Mu 2022 gulu la Zhejiang University lidasindikiza kafukufuku wa magulu a ma drone ang'onoang'ono akuuluka okha m'nkhalango.
Nthawi yomweyo, nkhondo ya ku Ukraine idakweza kwambiri ndalama zoikidwa m'ma drone amene amauluka gawo lomaliza okha ngakhale ma signal asokonezedwa, ndi m'kulola anthu ochepa kuyendetsa ndege zambiri. Kufunika kwa chitetezo cha dziko kukufulumizitsanso kuuluka payokha kwa anthu wamba.
Sir Airffic GoChitetezo cha dziko sichinganyalanyazidwe. Koma tsamba ili limafotokoza momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito ndi misika; siliphunzitsa kupanga zida za nkhondo.
Kuuluka payokha ndi malamulo zimayendera limodzi
Ngakhale drone ikhale yochenjera bwanji, siingauluke pa malonda ngati boma silinalole. Japan idapanga Level 4 (BVLOS pamwamba pa anthu) mu 2022.
Ku US, pempho la Part 108 lololeza BVLOS pansi pa malamulo wamba lidasindikizidwa mu 2025. Ku Europe akumanga U-space yoyang'anira mlengalenga.
Kutseguka kulikonse kwa malamulo kumakweza mtengo wa kuuluka payokha. Makampani amphamvu amaika ndalama pa kukambirana ndi oyang'anira malamulo mofanana ndi pa ukadaulo.
Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri
Kodi kuuluka kwa BVLOS ndi chiyani?
Beyond visual line of sight: kuulutsa drone kupitirira pomwe woyendetsa angaione. Kumafunika potumiza katundu ndi kuyendera madera akuluakulu, ndipo m'maiko ambiri kumafuna zilolezo kapena malamulo apadera.
Kodi detect-and-avoid (DAA) ndi chiyani?
Ukadaulo umene umazindikira ndege zina ndi kupewa kugundana. Umagwiritsa ntchito radar yaing'ono kapena AI ya kamera ndipo ndi chofunika chachikulu kuti BVLOS ivomerezedwe.