Sir Airffic GoBisa n'inkuru y'ubuhinga, mugabo mu vy'ukuri ni ivy'amafaranga: umuntu umwe ashobora gukoresha drone zingahe?
Intambwe z'ukwigenga: ivyo duha imashini bingana iki
| Intambwe | Imashini ikora | Umuntu akora | Indege ku muntu (ikigereranyo) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Ukuyobora n'amaboko | Iringaniza indege gusa | Hafi ukuyobora kwose | 1 |
| 2 Kwikora | Ikurikira inzira yateguwe | Araba kandi afata ingingo | 1 |
| 3 Kwirinda intambamyi | Yirinda ibintu biri hafi | Ingingo z'igikorwa, ukuraba | 1 gushika kuri nkeya |
| 4 Kwigenga | Isubira gutegura inzira ikarangura igikorwa | Akemura ibidasanzwe gusa | Nkeya gushika ku nyinshi |
| 5 Umurwi n'ikirere | Drone na OS y'ikirere birafatanya | Ashinga umurongo rusangi | Nyinshi |
Ibitigiri vy'indege ku muntu bisobanura ingene bikora; si imbibe z'amategeko. Imbibe nyazo zishingwa n'amategeko y'igihugu n'uruhusha rw'ibikorwa.
Kwirinda intambamyi: intambwe ya mbere yo kutagwa
Nko mu 2016, drone z'abantu basanzwe zatanguye kubona intambamyi ziri imbere zigahagarara.
Hanyuma haza drone zifise kamera ziraba impande zose, zirinda intambamyi zonyene mu gihe zikurikira umuntu (Skydio n'izindi). N'umutangura ntiyari agishobora kuzigusha byoroshe.
Kwirinda intambamyi ubu ni ibisanzwe kuri drone z'ubucuruzi. Itandukaniro riri mu ngene drone ihangana n'ingorane zikomeye nk'insinga ntoyi no kuguruka mw'ijoro.
Detect-and-avoid: kudatomera indege na kajugujugu
Detect and Avoid (DAA) bisigura kubona indege zirimwo abantu no kuziva mu nzira. Ni ngombwa ku kuguruka kure y'amaso y'umuderevu (BVLOS).
Radar ntoyi na AI ikoresha kamera ibona indege ziri kure vyarateguwe kugira ngo biraba ikirere mu kibanza c'umuntu.
Abashinzwe amategeko bafata ubushobozi bwa DAA nk'imwe mu ngingo zisabwa kugira ngo BVLOS yemerwe. DAA ni urufunguzo rw'ubuhinga kandi n'urw'amategeko.
Kuguruka mu mirwi: swarm n'igisoda
Swarm ni drone ntoyi nyinshi zivugana kandi zigenda nk'umurwi umwe.
Mu 2022, umurwi wa Kaminuza ya Zhejiang wasohoye ubushakashatsi ku mirwi ya drone ntoyi iguruka yonyene mu ishamba.
Muri ico gihe nyene, intambara yo muri Ukraine yongereje cane ishoramari muri drone ziguruka igice ca nyuma c'urugendo zonyene naho zibujijwe ibimenyetso, no mu gutuma abantu bake bakoresha indege nyinshi. Ugukenera kw'igisoda kurihutisha kandi ukwigenga kw'abasivile.
Sir Airffic GoIgisoda ntigishobora kwirengagizwa. Ariko uru rubuga rusobanura ingene ibintu bikora n'amasoko; ntirwigisha ingene bubaka ibirwanisho.
Ukwigenga n'amategeko bigendera hamwe
Naho drone yoba ifise ubwenge bungana gute, ntishobora kuguruka mu bucuruzi Leta itabitanze uruhusha. Ubuyapani bwashizeho Level 4 (BVLOS hejuru y'abantu) mu 2022.
Muri Amerika, umugambi wa Part 108 wo kwemera BVLOS hakurikijwe amategeko asanzwe wasohowe mu 2025. Uburaya buriko burubaka U-space yo gutunganya ikirere.
Uko amategeko yuguruka, ni ko agaciro k'ukwigenga kwiyongera. Amasosiyete akomeye ashira inguvu mu kuyaga n'abashinzwe amategeko nk'uko azishira mu buhinga.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Kuguruka kwa BVLOS ni iki?
Beyond visual line of sight: kuguruka drone kure aho umuderevu atayibona n'amaso. Birakenewe mu gushikiriza ibintu no mu igenzura ry'ahantu hanini, kandi bisaba uruhusha canke amategeko yihariye mu bihugu vyinshi.
Detect-and-avoid (DAA) ni iki?
Ubuhinga bubona izindi ndege bukirinda gutomerana. Bukoresha radar ntoyi canke AI ikoresha kamera, kandi ni ingingo nyamukuru isabwa kugira ngo BVLOS yemerwe.